Invasion of the Robot Umpires Reading Answer and explanation

Invasion of the Robot Umpires Reading Answer & explanation

 In this post, you'll find the complete solution and explanation for Test 2 Reading passage 3 Invasion of the Robot Umpires from the IELTS Book Cambridge 20. Each answer is explained in the easiest possible way, along with the answer location from the passage. This is perfect for students who want to understand not just the correct answers, but why they are correct, helping you improve your IELTS Reading skills with every practice test.

Questions 27-32:     Yes/No/Not given. 

27. When DeJesus first used ABS, he shared decision-making about strikes with it. 

Answer: No

Keywords: Dejesus, first, ADB, shared

Answer location: 1st/2nd Paragraph, Lines, A few years ago, Fred DeJesus from Brooklyn, New York, became the first umpire in a minor league baseball game to use something called the Automated Ball-Strike System (ABS), often referred to as the 'robo-umpire'. Instead of making any judgments himself about a strike",

 DeJesus had decisions fed to him through an earpiece, connected to a modified missile-tracking system...Major League Baseball (MLB), who had commissioned the system, wanted human umpires to announce the calls, just as they would have done in the past.(MLB wanted a human umpire to share because the information never been shared before)

28. MLB considered it necessary to amend the size of the strike zone when criticisms were received from players. Answer: Yes

Keywords: MLB, necessary. amend the size= tweak , criticism = strange call

Answer location: 4th Paragraph, Lines. During the first robo-umpire season,

players complained about some strange calls. In response, MLB decided to tweak the dimensions of the zone.

29. MLB is keen to justify the money spent on improving the accuracy of ABS's calculations. Answer: Not given

Keywords: money spent, justify, ADB's calculation

Answer Location: There is no mention about money or money spent for the Accuracy of ABS's calculation.

30. The hundred-mile-an-hour fastball led to a more exciting style of play. Answers: No

Keywords: fast ball, lacking much action, flattened the game

Answer location: 4th paragraph, lines ( when the hundred-mile-an-hour fastball, which is difficult to hit and control, entered the game. It flattened the game into strikeouts, walks, and home runs a type of play lacking much action.)

(Because the hundred-mile-an-hour game became less interesting)

31. The differing proposals for alterations to the baseball bat led to fierce debate on Sword's team. Answer: Not given

Keywords: differing proposals, alterations, baseball bat, fierce debate

Answer location: 7th Paragraph, Lines ( there is no mention regarding any proposal and debate  on Sword's team)

32. ABS makes changes to the shape of the strike zone feasible. Answer: Yes

Keywords: make changes, shape, strike zone feasible

Answer location: 7th Paragraph, Lines. According to Sword, once you get the technology right, you can load any strike zone you want into the system. "It might be a triangle, or a blob, or something shaped like Texas. Over time, as baseball evolves, ABS can allow the zone to change with it."

Questions 33-37:  Complete the summary/summary completion

33. Answer: F

Keywords: former role/ they have done in the past

Answer location: 2nd Paragraph, Lines Major League Baseball (MLB), who had commissioned the system, wanted human umpires to announce the calls, just as they would have done in the past.

34. Answer: D

Keywords: subjective assessment

Answer location: 2nd Paragraph, Lies, When the first pitch came in, a recorded voice told DeJesus it was a strike. Previously, calling a strike was a judgment call on the part of the umpire.

35. Answer: H

Keywords: batters' Knees, chest,

Answer Location: 2nd paragraph, Lines. Even if the batter does not hit the ball, a pitch that passes through the 'strike zone (an imaginary zone about seventeen inches wide, stretching from the batter's knees to the middle of his chest is considered a strike.

36. Answer: B

Keywords: numerous disputes = countless arguments, past = for a hundred and fifty years

Answer location: 3rd Paragraph, Lines, For a hundred and fifty years or so, 

the strike zone has been the game's animating force-countless arguments between a

 team's manager and the umpire have taken place over its boundaries and whether a ball had crossed through it.

37. Answer: G

Keywords: first game, total, no shouted disagreement/nobody said a word = total silence

Answer location: 2nd Paragraph, Lines. During that first game, when DeJesus announced calls, there was no heckling and no shouted disagreement. Nobody said a word.

Questions 38-40: MCQ/Multiple Choice Question 

38 What does the writer suggest about ABS in the fifth paragraph? Answer: B

Keywords: 5th Paragraph, suggest, reduce appeal = unforgiving and pedantic, almost legalistic

Answer location: 5th paragraph, Line A human, at least, yells back. When I spoke with Frank Viola, a coach for a North Carolina team, he said that ABS works as designed, but that it was also unforgiving and pedantic, almost legalistic.

39 Morgan Sword says that the introduction of ABS. Answer: D

Keywords: retain, young audience

Answer location:  6th Paragraph, lines. According to Sword, ABS was part of a larger project to make baseball more exciting since executives are terrified of losing younger fans,as has been the case with horse racing and boxing.

40. Why does the writer include the views of Noe and Russo? Answer: C

Keywords: Noe and Russo, accuracy, not enjoying

Answers location: Last Paragraph, Lines, Noe "This is part of a movement to use algorithms to take the hard choices of living out of life." Perhaps he's right. Russo: "With technology, people just want everything to be perfect. That's not reality. I think perfect would be weird.

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                         Hard vocabulary from the passage "Invasion of the Robot Umpires."

Word / Phrase	Meaning (Simple)	Example Sentence
Umpire	Official who enforces rules in sports (esp. baseball/tennis)	The umpire made a controversial decision during the match.
Accuracy	Being correct or exact	Technology improves the accuracy of sports decisions.
Controversial	Causing public disagreement	The use of robot umpires is a controversial topic.
Artificial intelligence (AI)	Computer systems simulating human intelligence	Artificial intelligence is increasingly used in sports analysis.
Precision	Exactness and detail	Robot umpires can call strikes with great precision.
Resistance	Opposition to something new	Some players show resistance to robot umpires.
Tradition	Belief or practice passed down through generations	Many argue that tradition is part of sports culture.
Automation	Use of machines to do tasks instead of humans	Automation is replacing manual work in many industries.
Bias	Unfair preference or prejudice	Robot umpires can reduce human bias in sports.
Subjective	Based on personal opinion or feelings	Human umpire decisions are often subjective.
Objective	Based on facts, not influenced by feelings	Technology allows for more objective decision-making.
Integration	Combining new systems into existing ones	The integration of AI into sports has changed the game.
Reliability	Ability to perform consistently well	The reliability of robot umpires is still under debate.
Human error	Mistake made by people	Robot umpires aim to eliminate human error in baseball.
Implementation	Putting something into practice	The implementation of AI in sports requires investment.
Technology-driven	Controlled or powered by technology	Modern sports are becoming more technology-driven.
Skepticism	Doubt or lack of trust in something	Fans expressed skepticism about robot umpires.
Legitimacy	Being accepted as fair and correct	Robot umpires give more legitimacy to the rules.
Consistency	Always behaving or performing in the same way	Robots provide consistency in decision-making.
Innovation	New method, idea, or invention	Robot umpires are a major innovation in sports.

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