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In this post, you'll find the complete solution and explanation for Test 1 Reading passage 2 Camouflage and mimicry in nature from IELTS Academic Vol- 2 ( IDP). Each answer is explained in the easiest possible way, along with the answer location as well as Hard vocabulary from the passage. This is perfect for students who want to understand not just the correct answers, but why they are correct, helping you improve your IELTS Reading skills with every practice test.
Questions 14-19: Choose the correct Heading
14. Answer: vi
Keywords:concealment = camouflage
Answer Location: Paragraph A, Lines 1-4, ( Over thousands of millions of evolution, species have acquired numerous clever techniques to help them adapt to their surroundings, thrive, and reproduce. Of these, those which most inspire humans include camouflage and mimicry.
15. Answer: iii
keywords:factors=habitat, behaviour ,camouflage= hide
Answer Location: Paragraph B, Lines 1, habitat and behaviour also influence how species use camouflage....
16. Answer: vii
Keywords: two main ways, pigments and physical structure
Answer Location: Paragraph C, Lines 1 -2, there are two main ways species achieve these remarkable feats of camouflage: pigments and physical structure.
17. Answer: i
Kewords:scent = smell=odour
answer location: Paragraph D, lines 1-2. While most forms of camouflage are visual, some species are able to hide their smell, often by masking themselves with the smell of another creature.
18. Answer: ix
Keywords: two types, Batesian mimicry and Mullerian mimicry, immitation = mimicry
answer Location: Paragraph E, lines 2-4. (Batesian mimicry, named after naturalist Henry Walter Bates, is where a harmless species evolves to resemble a more dangerous one .)
and 8-10.( Mullerian mimicry, on the other hand, is when two or more dangerous, unrelated creatures mimic each other's warning signals, thereby keeping predators away from them all.
19. Answer: viii
Keywords: unusual = less well known
Answer Location: Paragraph F, Lines 4-5,...but what is less well known is that individual cuckoos choose to mimic only one host species.
Questions 20-23: Complete the summary below.
20. Answer: countershading
Keywords: prey and predator, different angle from the above, avoid detection
Answer Location: Paragraph B, Lines 9- 13, One of the cleverest types of camouflage is called countershading. Sharks, for example, are darker on top of their bodies
and lighter underneath. from above, they blend in with the darker, deep water, helping them avoid human predators, and from below, their prey cannot easily detect them as their underbelly
is a similar colour to the lighter shallower water.
21. Answer: biochromes
Keywords: able to alter, change, colour, specific types of pigments
Answer Location: Paragraph C, lines 2-4, Biochromes are natural microscopic pigments, which absorb some wavelengths of light but reflect others. which appears to make them change colour.
22. Answer: microscopic
Keywords: prism, scatter/spread lights,
Answer Location: Paragraph C, Lines 6-8. Another way species camouflage themselves is through the use of microscopic physical structures that function as prisms that reflect and scatter light.
The resulting colour is different from that of their skin.
23. Answer: diet
Keywords: cause, alteration/ change in colour
Answer Location: Paragraph C, Lines 10-12. Another mechanism for changing colour is diet. Nudibranchs, a kind of sea slug, feed on species which contain pigments giving them bright purple, orange and red colouration.
Question 24-26 Multiple Choice Questions MCQs
24. New research on bird populations indicates that: Answer: B
Keywords: research, bird population,
Answer Location: Paragraph D, Lines 7-9. Evidence is emerging for oldfactory camouflage birds, with recent studies suggesting the oil produced in the preen gland may change its odour to prevent detection by predators.
25. Batesian mimicry is: Answer: D
Keywords: Batesian mimicry, threatening
Answer Location: Paragraph E, Lines 2-4 Batesian mimicry, named after naturalist Henry Walter Bates, is where a harmless species evolves to resemble a more dangerous one.
26. According to the text, cuckoos: Answer: C
Keywords: cuckoos, only one/ few natural predators
Answer Location: Paragraph F, Lines 4-5, but what is less well known is that individual cuckoos choose to mimic only one host species.
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Hard words used in the passage, Camouflage and mimicry in nature
Camouflage – The ability to blend into the surroundings.
Synonyms: concealment, disguise, hiding.
Example: The insect used camouflage to avoid being seen by predators.
Mimicry – When an organism copies another for protection or advantage.
Synonyms: imitation, copying, resemblance.
Example: Harmless butterflies use mimicry to look like poisonous ones.
Predator – An animal that hunts and eats other animals.
Synonyms: hunter, carnivore, attacker.
Example: Camouflage helps prey animals escape predators.
Tactic – A planned method used to achieve a goal.
Synonyms: strategy, technique, approach.
Example: Changing colour is a common tactic for survival.
Savannah – A large grassy plain with scattered trees.
Synonyms: grassland, plain.
Example: Many savannah animals depend on natural colouring for protection.
Underbelly – The underside of an animal’s body.
Synonyms: underside, belly, lower side. Example: The fish’s pale underbelly helps it blend with sunlight from above.
Countershading – A colour pattern where an animal's top is darker and its underside lighter.
Synonyms: dual shading, natural gradient.
Example: Countershading makes animals harder to detect.
Feat – A difficult or impressive achievement.
Synonyms: achievement, accomplishment, triumph.
Example: Changing colours instantly is a remarkable feat.
Pigment – A natural substance that gives colour.
Synonyms: dye, tint, colourant.
Example: Special pigments in the skin allow chameleons to shift colours.
Scatter – To spread in different directions.
Synonyms: disperse, spread, distribute.
Example: The light scattered across its scales, changing how the colour looked.
Translucent – Allowing light through but not clear images.
Synonyms: semi-transparent, sheer.
Example: The insect’s translucent wings make it harder to notice.
Masking – Hiding or covering something so it is not seen.
Synonyms: concealment, covering, hiding.
Example: The animal’s spots act as masking in tall grass.
Evolve – To gradually develop or change over time.
Synonyms: adapt, develop, progress.
Example: Species evolve new patterns to survive predators.
Ingenuity – Cleverness and creativity in solving problems.
Synonyms: creativity, inventiveness, cleverness.
Example: Nature shows great ingenuity through complex camouflage methods.
Alter – To change or modify something.
Synonyms: change, adjust, modify.
Example: Some animals alter their appearance with the seasons.
Odour – A smell, especially strong or noticeable.
Synonyms: scent, smell, aroma.
Example: Some insects release an odour to mimic other species.
For Reading Tips: IELTS Reading Tips
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